An hour or two south of Recife, Porto de Galinhas was made for the not-so-extreme tourist. Raves one traveller, "It's what it doesn't have that makes it great:" no heavy traffic, no nightlife to speak of. Explore the natural tidal pools that form in the reef, feeding fish that swim all around you; or ride a dune buggy to romantic Muro Alto beach. Or skip all that and doze in a hammock by the warm, green, clear Atlantic.

Mangroves meet sandy beaches in laid-back Maragogi, a growing town whose locals and visitors both head to the sea for sunset drinks and socializing. The most sought-after treasures are off the coast, where the Gales de Maragogi marine reserve shelters crystal-clear ponds, coral reefs, and colorful fish.

From the picturesque canals and brightly painted colonial buildings of its old town to its skyscraper- and palm-fringed beaches, Recife’s skyline reflects its personality—a bold blend of traditionalism and modernism whose free spirit shines during its legendary Carnival celebrations.

The soundtrack of tranquil Boa Vista is the sweet tweets of exotic birds. Maybe they’re chattering with loggerhead turtles or with the humpback whales that are known to splash around Boa Vista’s shallow waters. Work up a sweat and hike to the wreck of the Santa Maria, or explore the Duque de Braganca Fort, built to protect the Ilheu de Sal Rei from pirates. The windswept red and tan sand dunes of Deserto de Viana are awe-inspiring.

Most travelers come to Uyuni to visit some of the world’s most unusual terrain—the Salar de Uyuni. This is the world’s largest salt flat, and you’ll want to bring a camera for surreal photos of salt-encrusted ground, geysers, and multicolored lakes.